Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Update 2006 Included References

Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Update 2006 Included References


1. Abdel-Raouf M, Amer H. Postoperative analgesic effects of intraperitoneal NMDA receptor antagonists (ketamine and magnesium) in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Egyptian Journal of Anaesthesia 2004;20(2):107-111


2. Ainslie WG, Catton JA, Davides D, Dexter S, Gibson J, Larvin M, McMahon MJ, Moore M, Smith S, Vezakis A. Micropuncture cholecystectomy vs conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized controlled trial. Surgical Endoscopy 2003;17(5):766-72.


3. Aitola P, Airo I, Kaukinen S, Ylitalo P. Comparison of N2O and CO2 pneumoperitoneums during laparoscopic cholecystectomy with special reference to postoperative pain. Surgical Laparoscopy & Endoscopy 1998;8(2):140-4.


4. Alexander DJ, Ngoi SS, Lee L, So J, Mak K, Chan S, Goh PM. Randomized trial of periportal peritoneal bupivacaine for pain relief after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.[see comment]. British Journal of Surgery 1996;83(9):1223-5.


5. Alponat A, Cubukcu A, Gonullu N, Canturk Z, Ozbay O. Is minisite cholecystectomy less traumatic? Prospective randomized study comparing minisite and conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomies. World Journal of Surgery 2002;26(12):1437-40.


6. Ayoglu H, Karadeniz U, Kunduracilar Z, Ayoglu FN, Erdemli O. The analgesic effect of magnesium sulfate and ketamine in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The Pain Clinic 2005;17(1):45-53.


7. Barczynski M, Herman RM. A prospective randomized trial on comparison of low-pressure (LP) and standard-pressure (SP) pneumoperitoneum for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surgical Endoscopy 2003;17(4):533-8.


8. Barczynski M, Herman RM. Low-pressure pneumoperitoneum combined with intraperitoneal saline washout for reduction of pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A prospective randomized study. Surgical Endoscopy 2004;18(9):1368-1373.


9. Bisgaard T, Klarskov B, Kristiansen VB, Callesen T, Schulze S, Kehlet H, Rosenberg J. Multi-regional local anesthetic infiltration during laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients receiving prophylactic multi-modal analgesia: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. Anesthesia & Analgesia 1999;89(4):1017-24.


10. Bisgaard T, Klarskov B, Trap R, Kehlet H, Rosenberg J. Pain after microlaparoscopic cholecystectomy. A randomized double-blind controlled study. Surgical Endoscopy 2000;14(4):340-4.


11. Bisgaard T, Klarskov B, Trap R, Kehlet H, Rosenberg J. Microlaparoscopic vs conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a prospective randomized double-blind trial. Surgical Endoscopy 2002;16(3):458-64.


12. Bisgaard T, Klarskov B, Kehlet H, Rosenberg J. Preoperative dexamethasone improves surgical outcome after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial.[see comment]. Annals of Surgery 2003;238(5):651-60.


13. Bisgaard T, Kristiansen VB, Hjortso NC, Jacobsen LS, Rosenberg J, Kehlet H. Randomized clinical trial comparing an oral carbohydrate beverage with placebo before laparoscopic cholecystectomy. British Journal of Surgery 2004;91(2):151-8.


14. Boccara G, Chaumeron A, Pouzeratte Y, Mann C. The preoperative administration of ketoprofen improves analgesia after laparoscopic cholecystectomy in comparison with propacetamol or postoperative ketoprofen. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2005;94(3):347-51.


15. Bresadola F, Pasqualucci A, Donini A, Chiarandini P, Anania G, Terrosu G, Sistu MA, Pasetto A. Elective transumbilical compared with standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy. European Journal of Surgery 1999;165(1):29-34.


16. Busley R, Blobner M, Jelen-Esselborn S, Feussner H, Kochs E. Intraperitoneal local anaesthetics via subphrenic catheter following laparoscopic cholecystectomy: Pain relief and pulmonary function. Minimally Invasive Therapy & Allied Technologies: Mitat 1999;8(4):219-225.


17. Cengiz Y, Janes A, Grehn A, Israelsson LA. Randomized trial of traditional dissection with electrocautery versus ultrasonic fundus-first dissection in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. British Journal of Surgery 2005;92(7):810-3.


18. Cheah WK, Lenzi JE, So JB, Kum CK, Goh PM. Randomized trial of needlescopic versus laparoscopic cholecystectomy.[see comment]. British Journal of Surgery 2001;88(1):45-7.


19. Cheng PGB, Lim MJ, Onsiong MK, Chiu KYW, Chan MK, Li KWM, Tang CN. Celecoxib premedication in post-operative analgesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Acute Pain 2004;6(1):23-28.


20. Chundrigar T, Hedges AR, Morris R, Stamatakis JD. Intraperitoneal bupivacaine for effective pain relief after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 1993;75(6):437-9.


21. Chung F, Tong D, Miceli PC, Reiz J, Harsanyi Z, Darke AC, Payne LW. Controlled-release codeine is equivalent to acetaminophen plus codeine for post-cholecystectomy analgesia. Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia 2004;51(3):216-21.


22. Curet MJ, Contreras M, Weber DM, Albrecht R. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surgical Endoscopy 2002;16(3):453-7.


23. Damen SL, Nieuwenhuijs VB, Joosten W, Houweling PL, Clevers GJ. The effects of remifentanil and sufentanil on the quality of recovery after day case laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized blinded trial. Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques-Part A 2004;14(2):87-92.


24. Dath D, Park AE. Randomized, controlled trial of bupivacaine injection to decrease pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Canadian Journal of Surgery 1999;42(4):284-8.


25. Elfberg BA, Sjovall-Mjoberg S. Intraperitoneal bupivacaine does not effectively reduce pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized, placebo-controlled and double-blind study. Surgical Laparoscopy, Endoscopy & Percutaneous Techniques 2000;10(6):357-9.


26. Elhakim M, Ghalaab M, Soliman M. Effects of odansetron and balanced analgesia on postoperative nausea and vomiting in laparoscopic surgery. Acta Anaesthesiologica Italica 1995;46(SUPPL. 1):23-28.


27. Elhakim M, Amine H, Kamel S, Saad F. Effects of intraperitoneal lidocaine combined with intravenous or intraperitoneal tenoxicam on pain relief and bowel recovery after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 2000a;44(8):929-33.


28. Elhakim M, Elkott M, Ali NM, Tahoun HM. Intraperitoneal lidocaine for postoperative pain after laparoscopy. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 2000b;44(3):280-4.


29. Elhakim M, Nafie M, Mahmoud K, Atef A. Dexamethasone 8 mg in combination with ondansetron 4 mg appears to be the optimal dose for the prevention of nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia 2002;49(9):922-6.


30. Farley DR, Greenlee SM, Larson DR, Harrington JR. Double-blind, prospective, randomized study of warmed, humidified carbon dioxide insufflation vs standard carbon dioxide for patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Archives of Surgery 2004;139(7):739-43; discussion 743-4.


31. Forse A, El-Beheiry H, Butler PO, Pace RF. Indomethacin and ketorolac given preoperatively are equally effective in reducing early postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Canadian Journal of Surgery 1996;39(1):26-30.


32. Fredman B, Jedeikin R, Olsfanger D, Flor P, Gruzman A. Residual pneumoperitoneum: a cause of postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Anesthesia & Analgesia 1994;79(1):152-4.


33. Fredman B, Olsfanger D, Jedeikin R. A comparative study of ketorolac and diclofenac on post-laparoscopic cholecystectomy pain. European Journal of Anaesthesiology 1995;12(5):501-4.


34. Fujii Y, Toyooka H, Tanaka H. Efficacy of thoracic epidural analgesia following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. European Journal of Anaesthesiology 1998;15(3):342-4.


35. Gan TJ, Joshi GP, Zhao SZ, Hanna DB, Cheung RY, Chen C. Presurgical intravenous parecoxib sodium and follow-up oral valdecoxib for pain management after laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery reduces opioid requirements and opioid-related adverse effects. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 2004a;48(9):1194-1207.


36. Grundmann U, Silomon M, Bach F, Becker S, Bauer M, Larsen B, Kleinschmidt S. Recovery profile and side effects of remifentanil-based anaesthesia with desflurane or propofol for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 2001;45(3):320-6.


37. Gupta A, Thorn SE, Axelsson K, Larsson LG, Agren G, Holmstrom B, Rawal N. Postoperative pain relief using intermittent injections of 0.5% ropivacaine through a catheter after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Anesthesia & Analgesia 2002;95(2):450-6.


38. Hausel J, Nygren J, Thorell A, Lagerkranser M, Ljungqvist O. Randomized clinical trial of the effects of oral preoperative carbohydrates on postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. British Journal of Surgery 2005;92(4):415-21.


39. Hawasli A, Brown E. The effect of drains in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Journal of Laparoendoscopic Surgery 1994;4(6):393-8


40. Hernandez-Palazon J, Tortosa JA, Nuno de la Rosa V, Gimenez-Viudes J, Ramirez G, Robles R. Intraperitoneal application of bupivacaine plus morphine for pain relief after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. European Journal of Anaesthesiology 2003;20(11):891-6.


41. Holte K, Klarskov B, Christensen DS, Lund C, Nielsen KG, Bie P, Kehlet H. Liberal versus restrictive fluid administration to improve recovery after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized, double-blind study. Annals of Surgery 2004;240(5):892-9.


42. Huang MT, Wang W, Wei PL, Chen RJ, Lee WJ. Minilaparoscopic and laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a comparative study. Archives of Surgery 2003;138(9):1017-23.


43. Jabbour-Khoury SI, Dabbous AS, Gerges FJ, Azar MS, Ayoub CM, Khoury GS. Intraperitoneal and intravenous routes for pain relief in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons 2005;9(3):316-21.


44. Jiranantarat V, Rushatamukayanunt W, Lert-akyamanee N, Sirijearanai R, Piromrat I, Suwannanonda P, Muangkasem J. Analgesic effect of intraperitoneal instillation of bupivacaine for postoperative laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand 2002;85 Suppl 3:S897-903.


45. Johnson RC, Hedges AR, Morris R, Stamatakis JD. Ideal pain relief following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. International Journal of Clinical Practice 1999;53(1):16-8.


46. Jorgensen JO, Gillies RB, Hunt DR, Caplehorn JR, Lumley T. A simple and effective way to reduce postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Surgery 1995;65(7):466-9.


47. Joris J, Thiry E, Paris P, Weerts J, Lamy M. Pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: characteristics and effect of intraperitoneal bupivacaine. Anesthesia & Analgesia 1995;81(2):379-84.


48. Joshi GP, Viscusi ER, Gan TJ, Minkowitz H, Cippolle M, Schuller R, Cheung RY, Fort JG. Effective treatment of laparoscopic cholecystectomy pain with intravenous followed by oral COX-2 specific inhibitor. Anesthesia & Analgesia 2004;98(2):336-42.


49. Keulemans Y, Eshuis J, de Haes H, de Wit LT, Gouma DJ. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy: day-care versus clinical observation. Annals of Surgery 1998;228(6):734-40.


50. Kolsi K, Ghozzi H, Masmoudi A, Mzali R, Sahnoun Z, Zeghal K, Beyrouti MI, Karoui A. Intraperitoneal lignocaine for analgesia after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Acute Pain 2000;3(4):200-205.


51. Kum CK, Eypasch E, Aljaziri A, Troidl H. Randomized comparison of pulmonary function after the ‘French’ and ‘American’ techniques of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. British Journal of Surgery 1996;83(7):938-41.


52. Labaille T, Mazoit JX, Paqueron X, Franco D, Benhamou D. The clinical efficacy and pharmacokinetics of intraperitoneal ropivacaine for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Anesthesia & Analgesia 2002;94(1):100-5.


53. Lam TY, Lee SW, So HS, Kwok SP. Radially expanding trocar: a less painful alternative for laparoscopic surgery. Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques-Part A 2000;10(5):269-73.


54. Lane GE, Lathrop JC, Boysen DA, Lane RC. Effect of intramuscular intraoperative pain medication on narcotic usage after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. American Surgeon 1996;62(11):907-10.


55. Larsen JF, Ejstrud P, Kristensen JU, Svendsen F, Redke F, Pedersen V. Randomized comparison of conventional and gasless laparoscopic cholecystectomy: operative technique, postoperative course, and recovery. Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2001;5(3):330-5.


56. Launo C, Bassi C, Spagnolo L, Badano S, Ricci C, Lizzi A, Molinino M. Preemptive ketamine during general anesthesia for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Minerva Anestesiologica 2004;70(10):727-34; 734-8.


57. Lee IO, Kim SH, Kong MH, Lee MK, Kim NS, Choi YS, Lim SH. Pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: the effect and timing of incisional and intraperitoneal bupivacaine. Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia 2001;48(6):545-50.


58. Leggett PL, Churchman-Winn R, Miller G. Minimizing ports to improve laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surgical Endoscopy 2000;14(1):32-6.


59. Lepner U, Goroshina J, Samarutel J. Postoperative pain relief after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomised prospective double-blind clinical trial. Scandinavian Journal of Surgery: SJS 2003;92(2):121-4.


60. Lindgren L, Koivusalo AM, Kellokumpu I. Conventional pneumoperitoneum compared with abdominal wall lift for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. British Journal of Anaesthesia 1995;75(5):567-72.


61. Liu J, Ding Y, White PF, Feinstein R, Shear JM. Effects of ketorolac on postoperative analgesia and ventilatory function after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Anesthesia & Analgesia 1993;76(5):1061-6.


62. Look M, Chew SP, Tan YC, Liew SE, Cheong DM, Tan JC, Wee SB, Teh CH, Low CH. Post-operative pain in needlescopic versus conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a prospective randomised trial. Journal of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh 2001;46(3):138-42.


63. Luchetti M, Palomba R, Sica G, Massa G, Tufano R. Effectiveness and safety of combined epidural and general anesthesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Regional Anesthesia 1996;21(5):465-9.


64. Maestroni U, Sortini D, Devito C, Pour Morad Kohan Brunaldi F, Anania G, Pavanelli L, Pasqualucci A, Donini A. A new method of preemptive analgesia in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surgical Endoscopy 2002;16(9):1336-40.


65. Mathisen LC, Aasbo V, Raeder J. Lack of pre-emptive analgesic effect of (R)-ketamine in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 1999;43(2):220-4.


66. Michaloliakou C, Chung F, Sharma S. Preoperative multimodal analgesia facilitates recovery after ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Anesthesia & Analgesia 1996;82(1):44-51.


67. Motamed C, Bouaziz H, Franco D, Benhamou D. Analgesic effect of low-dose intrathecal morphine and bupivacaine in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Anaesthesia 2000;55(2):118-24.


68. Mouton WG, Bessell JR, Millard SH, Baxter PS, Maddern GJ. A randomized controlled trial assessing the benefit of humidified insufflation gas during laparoscopic surgery.[see comment]. Surgical Endoscopy 1999;13(2):106-8.


69. Mraovic B, Jurisic T, Kogler-Majeric V, Sustic A. Intraperitoneal bupivacaine for analgesia after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 1997;41(2):193-6.


70. Munoz HR, Guerrero ME, Brandes V, Cortinez LI. Effect of timing of morphine administration during remifentanil-based anaesthesia on early recovery from anaesthesia and postoperative pain. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2002;88(6):814-8.


71. Munoz HR, Altermatt FR, Gonzalez JA, Leon PJ. The effect of different isoflurane-fentanyl dose combinations on early recovery from anesthesia and postoperative adverse effects. Anesthesia & Analgesia 2005;101(2):371-6.


72. Munro FJ, Young SJ, Broome IJ, Robb HM, Wardall GJ. Intravenous tenoxicam for analgesia following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Anaesthesia & Intensive Care 1998;26(1):56-60.


73. Naguib M, Seraj M, Attia M, Samarkandi AH, Seet M, Jaroudi R. Perioperative antinociceptive effects of tramadol. A prospective, randomized, double-blind comparison with morphine. Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia 1998;45(12):1168-75.


74. Naguib M, Attia M, Samarkandi AH. Wound closure tramadol administration has a short-lived analgesic effect. Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia 2000;47(8):815-8.


75. Naja MZ, Ziade MF, Lonnqvist PA. General anaesthesia combined with bilateral paravertebral blockade (T5-6) vs. general anaesthesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a prospective, randomized clinical trial. European Journal of Anaesthesiology 2004;21(6):489-95.


76. Ng A, Swami A, Smith G, Robertson G, Lloyd DM. Is intraperitoneal levobupivacaine with epinephrine useful for analgesia following laparoscopic cholecystectomy? A randomized controlled trial. European Journal of Anaesthesiology 2004;21(8):653-7.


77. Nursal TZ, Yildirim S, Tarim A, Noyan T, Poyraz P, Tuna N, Haberal M. Effect of drainage on postoperative nausea, vomiting, and pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Langenbecks Archives of Surgery 2003;388(2):95-100.


78. O’Hanlon DM, Colbert S, Ragheb J, McEntee GP, Chambers F, Moriarty DC. Intraperitoneal pethidine versus intramuscular pethidine for the relief of pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: randomized trial. World Journal of Surgery 2002;26(12):1432-6.


79. Owen H, Plummer JL, Ilsley AH, Tordoff K, Toouli J. Pain control in the week following laparoscopic surgery: A comparison of sustained-release ibuprofen and paracetamol. Minimally Invasive Therapy & Allied Technologies: Mitat 1997;6(3):235-240.


80. Pandey CK, Priye S, Singh S, Singh U, Singh RB, Singh PK. Preemptive use of gabapentin significantly decreases postoperative pain and rescue analgesic requirements in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia 2004;51(4):358-63.


81. Papagiannopoulou P, Argiriadou H, Georgiou M, Papaziogas B, Sfyra E, Kanakoudis F. Preincisional local infiltration of levobupivacaine vs ropivacaine for pain control after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surgical Endoscopy 2003;17(12):1961-4.


82. Papaziogas B, Argiriadou H, Papagiannopoulou P, Pavlidis T, Georgiou M, Sfyra E, Papaziogas T. Preincisional intravenous low-dose ketamine and local infiltration with ropivacaine reduces postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surgical Endoscopy 2001;15(9):1030-3.


83. Pasqualucci A, Contardo R, Da Broi U, Colo F, Terrosu G, Donini A, Sorrentino M, Pasetto A, Bresadola F. The effects of intraperitoneal local anesthetic on analgesic requirements and endocrine response after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized double-blind controlled study.[see comment]. Journal of Laparoendoscopic Surgery 1994;4(6):405-12.


84. Pasqualucci A, de Angelis V, Contardo R, Colo F, Terrosu G, Donini A, Pasetto A, Bresadola F. Preemptive analgesia: intraperitoneal local anesthetic in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Anesthesiology 1996;85(1):11-20.


85. Paulson J, Mellinger J, Baguley W. The use of intraperitoneal bupivacaine to decrease the length of stay in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients. American Surgeon 2003;69(4):275-8; discussion 278-9.


86.  Pavlidis TE, Atmatzidis KS, Papaziogas BT, Makris JG, Lazaridis CN, Papaziogas TB. The effect of preincisional periportal infiltration with ropivacaine in pain relief after laparoscopic procedures: a prospective, randomized controlled trial. Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons 2003;7(4):305-10.


87. Perrakis E, Vezakis A, Velimezis G, Savanis G, Deverakis S, Antoniades J, Sagkana E. Randomized comparison between different insufflation pressures for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surgical Laparoscopy, Endoscopy & Percutaneous Techniques 2003;13(4):245-9.


88. Poon CM, Chan KW, Lee DWH, Chan KC, Ko CW, Cheung HY, Lee KW. Two-port vs four-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A prospective randomized controlled trial. Surgical Endoscopy 2003;17(10):1624-1627.


89. Puttick MI, Scott-Coombes DM, Dye J, Nduka CC, Menzies-Gow NM, Mansfield AO, Darzi A. Comparison of immunologic and physiologic effects of CO2 pneumoperitoneum at room and body temperatures. Surgical Endoscopy 1999;13(6):572-5.


90. Rademaker BM, Kalkman CJ, Odoom JA, de Wit L, Ringers J. Intraperitoneal local anaesthetics after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: effects on postoperative pain, metabolic responses and lung function. British Journal of Anaesthesia 1994;72(3):263-6.


91. Raetzell M, Maier C, Schroder D, Wulf H. Intraperitoneal application of bupivacaine during laparoscopic cholecystectomy–risk or benefit? Anesthesia & Analgesia 1995;81(5):967-72.


92. Razek EA. Intraperitoneal levobupivacaine for analgesia after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Egyptian Journal of Anaesthesia 2003;19(3):249-254.


93. Saad S, Minor I, Mohri T, Nagelschmidt M. The clinical impact of warmed insufflation carbon dioxide gas for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.[see comment]. Surgical Endoscopy 2000;14(9):787-90.


94. Sarac AM, Aktan AO, Baykan N, Yegen C, Yalin R. The effect and timing of local anesthesia in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surgical Laparoscopy & Endoscopy 1996;6(5):362-6.


95. Sarli L, Costi R, Sansebastiano G, Trivelli M, Roncoroni L. Prospective randomized trial of low-pressure pneumoperitoneum for reduction of shoulder-tip pain following laparoscopy.[see comment]. British Journal of Surgery 2000;87(9):1161-5.


96. Sarli L, Iusco D, Gobbi S, Porrini C, Ferro M, Roncoroni L. Randomized clinical trial of laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed with mini-instruments.[see comment]. British Journal of Surgery 2003;90(11):1345-8.


97. Scheinin B, Kellokumpu I, Lindgren L, Haglund C, Rosenberg PH. Effect of intraperitoneal bupivacaine on pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 1995;39(2):195-8.


98. Schulte-Steinberg H, Weninger E, Jokisch D, Hofstetter B, Misera A, Lange V, Stein C. Intraperitoneal versus interpleural morphine or bupivacaine for pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Anesthesiology 1995;82(3):634-40.


99. Schwenk W, Neudecker J, Mall J, Bohm B, Muller JM. Prospective randomized blinded trial of pulmonary function, pain, and cosmetic results after laparoscopic vs. microlaparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surgical Endoscopy 2000;14(4):345-8.


100. Scott HJ, Kelly S, Rosin RD. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy: Laser or diathermy? Minimally Invasive Therapy 1992;1(5):347-349.


101. Slim K, Bousquet J, Kwiatkowski F, Lescure G, Pezet D, Chipponi J. Effect of CO(2) gas warming on pain after laparoscopic surgery: a randomized double-blind controlled trial. Surgical Endoscopy 1999;13(11):1110-4.


102. Sung CS, Lin SH, Chan KH, Chang WK, Chow LH, Lee TY. Effect of oral clonidine premedication on perioperative hemodynamic response and postoperative analgesic requirement for patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Acta Anaesthesiologica Sinica 2000;38(1):23-9.


103. Szem JW, Hydo L, Barie PS. A double-blinded evaluation of intraperitoneal bupivacaine vs saline for the reduction of postoperative pain and nausea after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surgical Endoscopy 1996;10(1):44-8.


104. Trichak S. Three-port vs standard four-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A prospective randomized study. Surgical Endoscopy 2003;17(9):1434-1436.


105. Tsimoyiannis EC, Glantzounis G, Lekkas ET, Siakas P, Jabarin M, Tzourou H. Intraperitoneal normal saline and bupivacaine infusion for reduction of postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surgical Laparoscopy & Endoscopy 1998a;8(6):416-20.


106. Tsimoyiannis EC, Siakas P, Tassis A, Lekkas ET, Tzourou H, Kambili M. Intraperitoneal normal saline infusion for postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. World Journal of Surgery 1998b;22(8):824-8.


107. Tsimoyiannis EC, Jabarin M, Glantzounis G, Lekkas ET, Siakas P, Stefanaki-Nikou S. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy using ultrasonically activated coagulating shears. Surgical Laparoscopy & Endoscopy 1998c;8(6):421-4.


108. Uen YH, Liang AI, Lee HH. Randomized comparison of conventional carbon dioxide insufflation and abdominal wall lifting for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques-Part A 2002;12(1):7-14.


109. Ure BM, Troidl H, Spangenberger W, Neugebauer E, Lefering R, Ullmann K, Bende J. Preincisional local anesthesia with bupivacaine and pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. A double-blind randomized clinical trial. Surgical Endoscopy 1993;7(6):482-8.


110. Usmani H, Quadir A, Jamil SN, Bahl N, Rizvi A. Comparison of butorphanol and fentanyl for balanced anaesthesia in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology 2004;20(3):251-254.


111. Uzunkoy A, Coskun A, Akinci OF. The value of pre-emptive analgesia in the treatment of postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. European Surgical Research 2001;33(1):39-41.


112. Vezakis A, Davides D, Gibson JS, Moore MR, Shah H, Larvin M, McMahon MJ. Randomized comparison between low-pressure laparoscopic cholecystectomy and gasless laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surgical Endoscopy 1999;13(9):890-3.


113. Wallace DH, Serpell MG, Baxter JN, O’Dwyer PJ. Randomized trial of different insufflation pressures for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. British Journal of Surgery 1997;84(4):455-8.


114.  Weber A, Munoz J, Garteiz D, Cueto J. Use of subdiaphragmatic bupivacaine instillation to control postoperative pain after laparoscopic surgery. Surgical Laparoscopy & Endoscopy 1997;7(1):6-8.


115. Wilson YG, Rhodes M, Ahmed R, Daugherty M, Cawthorn SJ, Armstrong CP. Intramuscular diclofenac sodium for postoperative analgesia after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomised, controlled trial. Surgical Laparoscopy & Endoscopy 1994;4(5):340-4.


116. Wu CT, Yu JC, Yeh CC, Liu ST, Li CY, Ho ST, Wong CS. Preincisional dextromethorphan treatment decreases postoperative pain and opioid requirement after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Anesthesia & Analgesia 1999;88(6):1331-4.


117. Wu CT, Borel CO, Lee MS, Yu JC, Liou HS, Yi HD, Yang CP. The interaction effect of perioperative cotreatment with dextromethorphan and intravenous lidocaine on pain relief and recovery of bowel function after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Anesthesia & Analgesia 2005;100(2):448-53.


118. Yeh CC, Wu CT, Lee MS, et al. Analgesic effects of preincisional administration of dextromethorphan and tenoxicam following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 2004;48:1049-1053.


119. Young J, O’Connell B. Recovery following laparoscopic cholecystectomy in either a 23 hour or an 8 hour facility. Journal of Quality in Clinical Practice 2001;21(1-2):2-7; discussion 8.


120. Zajaczkowska R, Wnek W, Wordliczek J, Dobrogowski J. Peripheral opioid analgesia in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine 2004;29(5):424-9.


121. Zmora O, Stolik-Dollberg O, Bar-Zakai B, Rosin D, Kuriansky J, Shabtai M, Perel A, Ayalon A. Intraperitoneal bupivacaine does not attenuate pain following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons 2000;4(4):301-4.